The creation of a National DNA Bank is of great importance since it provides scientists with DNA representative samples of the Spanish population, in order to achieve a better knowledge of the genetic mechanisms involved in the development of human diseases. In the first stage, the National DNA Bank has created a collection of DNA samples and their associated clinical, genealogical and life-style data representative of the healthy Spanish population. The National DNA Bank offers these collections to the scientific community with the aim of promoting and developing human evolution research, genetic/genomic diversity and the genesis of disease and its treatment.